1. Phân tích đề và nhóm thông tin

 

Đề bài

The chart below shows the donations given to six different types of charity by one company from 2012 to 2014. Provide an overview of the information by identifying and describing the key details, and include comparisons where appropriate.

Dạng biểu đồ

Bar chart

 

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: Social welfare received by far the highest donations in all three years, whereas arts received the lowest amounts overall.

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: Donations to social welfare, health, wildlife and arts increased overall, while education remained relatively stable and environmental donations fluctuated before ending below their initial level.

 

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Social welfare, education and environment

Ý 1: Social welfare

Ý 2: Education

Ý 3: Environment

 

Body 2 Grouping: Health, wildlife and arts

Ý 1: Health

Ý 2: Wildlife

Ý 3: Arts

Triển khai phân tích

 

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The bar chart compares the amounts of money donated by one company to six different types of charity between 2012 and 2014.

(Tạm dịch: Biểu đồ cột so sánh số tiền mà một công ty quyên góp cho sáu loại tổ chức từ thiện khác nhau trong giai đoạn từ năm 2012 đến năm 2014.)

 

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, social welfare received the largest donations throughout the period, while arts attracted the smallest amounts. Donations to social welfare, health, wildlife and arts increased overall, whereas education remained relatively stable and environmental donations declined slightly.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, phúc lợi xã hội nhận được khoản quyên góp lớn nhất trong suốt giai đoạn, trong khi nghệ thuật nhận được số tiền nhỏ nhất. Các khoản quyên góp cho phúc lợi xã hội, y tế, động vật hoang dã và nghệ thuật nhìn chung đều tăng, trong khi giáo dục tương đối ổn định và các khoản quyên góp cho môi trường giảm nhẹ.)

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế shows → compares, donations given → amounts of money donated, six different types of charity → six categories of charitable organisations, from 2012 to 2014 → between 2012 and 2014.

 

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• Social welfare received the highest amount of donations in every year.

• Arts received the lowest or joint-lowest donations overall.

Điểm nổi bật:

• Social welfare, health, wildlife and arts increased overall.

• Education remained relatively stable.

• Environmental donations fell overall despite recovering slightly in 2014.

 

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: Social welfare → Education → Environment.

Topic sentence: Social welfare received substantially more funding than education and environmental charities throughout the period.

Detail 1: Donations to social welfare stood at approximately $22,000 in 2012, before falling to $18,000 in 2013 and then rising sharply to $24,000 in 2014.

Detail 2: Education followed a similar but less pronounced pattern, declining from $8,000 to $6,000 before recovering to $8,000 in the final year. Environmental donations also fell from $8,000 in 2012 to $5,000 in 2013, but then increased to around $7,000 in 2014, remaining below their initial figure.

 

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: Health → Wildlife → Arts.

Topic sentence: The remaining three categories generally experienced upward trends over the three-year period.

Detail 1: Donations to health increased steadily from $6,000 in 2012 to $7,000 in 2013 and then $9,000 in 2014, making it the second-highest funded category in the final year.

Detail 2: Wildlife donations also rose consistently, from approximately $3,000 to $4,000 and then $5,000. Meanwhile, arts received $3,000 in both 2012 and 2013 before increasing to $4,000 in 2014.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The bar chart compares the amounts of money donated by one company to six different types of charity between 2012 and 2014.

Overall, social welfare received the largest donations throughout the period, while arts attracted the smallest amounts. Donations to social welfare, health, wildlife and arts increased overall, whereas education remained relatively stable and environmental donations declined slightly.

Social welfare received substantially more funding than education and environmental charities throughout the period. Donations to social welfare stood at approximately $22,000 in 2012, before falling to $18,000 in 2013 and then rising sharply to $24,000 in 2014. Education followed a similar but less pronounced pattern, declining from $8,000 to $6,000 before recovering to $8,000 in the final year. Environmental donations also fell from $8,000 in 2012 to $5,000 in 2013, but then increased to around $7,000 in 2014, remaining below their initial figure.

The remaining three categories generally experienced upward trends over the three-year period. Donations to health increased steadily from $6,000 in 2012 to $7,000 in 2013 and then $9,000 in 2014, making it the second-highest funded category in the final year. Wildlife donations also rose consistently, from approximately $3,000 to $4,000 and then $5,000. Meanwhile, arts received $3,000 in both 2012 and 2013 before increasing to $4,000 in 2014.

(Word count: 180)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

 

1. social welfare (noun phrase): phúc lợi xã hội

E.g. Social welfare received the largest donation in all three years.

2. charitable organisations (noun phrase): các tổ chức từ thiện

E.g. The company donated money to several charitable organisations.

3. amount of money donated (noun phrase): số tiền được quyên góp

E.g. The amount of money donated to health increased steadily.

4. receive funding (verb phrase): nhận được nguồn tài trợ

E.g. Social welfare received substantially more funding than other categories.

5. donation (noun): khoản quyên góp

E.g. Donations to wildlife increased over the period.

6. increase steadily (verb phrase): tăng đều đặn

E.g. Donations to health increased steadily from 2012 to 2014.

7. rise sharply (verb phrase): tăng mạnh

E.g. Social welfare donations rose sharply in 2014.

8. decline slightly (verb phrase): giảm nhẹ

E.g. Environmental donations declined slightly overall.

9. remain relatively stable (verb phrase): duy trì tương đối ổn định

E.g. Donations to education remained relatively stable.

10. recover to (verb phrase): phục hồi lên mức

E.g. Education donations recovered to $8,000 in 2014.

11. remain below the initial figure (verb phrase): vẫn thấp hơn mức ban đầu

E.g. Environmental donations remained below the initial figure in 2014.

12. the second-highest funded category (noun phrase): hạng mục được tài trợ cao thứ hai

E.g. Health became the second-highest funded category in 2014.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The bar chart compares the amounts of money donated by + subject + to + categories + between + years. (Dùng để mở bài.)

E.g. The bar chart compares the amounts of money donated by one company to six different types of charity between 2012 and 2014.

2. Overall, + category + received the largest donations throughout the period, while + category + attracted the smallest amounts. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, social welfare received the largest donations throughout the period, while arts attracted the smallest amounts.

3. Donations to + category + stood at approximately + figure + in + year +, before falling to + figure + and then rising to + figure. (Dùng để mô tả biến động qua ba năm.)

E.g. Donations to social welfare stood at approximately $22,000 in 2012, before falling to $18,000 in 2013 and then rising to $24,000 in 2014.

4. + Category + followed a similar but less pronounced pattern, declining from + figure + to + figure + before recovering to + figure. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng tương tự nhưng mức độ nhỏ hơn.)

E.g. Education followed a similar but less pronounced pattern, declining from $8,000 to $6,000 before recovering to $8,000.

5. + Category + also fell from + figure + to + figure +, but then increased to + figure. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng giảm rồi tăng trở lại.)

E.g. Environmental donations also fell from $8,000 in 2012 to $5,000 in 2013, but then increased to around $7,000 in 2014.

6. Donations to + category + increased steadily from + figure + to + figure + and then + figure. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng tăng liên tục.)

E.g. Donations to health increased steadily from $6,000 in 2012 to $7,000 in 2013 and then $9,000 in 2014.

7. Meanwhile, + category + received + figure + in + year + before increasing to + figure + in + year. (Dùng để mô tả một xu hướng đơn giản.)

E.g. Meanwhile, arts received $3,000 in both 2012 and 2013 before increasing to $4,000 in 2014.

8. + Category + remained below its initial figure despite recovering in + year. (Dùng để mô tả một hạng mục phục hồi nhưng chưa đạt mức ban đầu.)

E.g. Environmental donations remained below their initial figure despite recovering in 2014.

 

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