1. Phân tích đề và nhóm thông tin

 

Đề bài

The chart below illustrates data on Europeans from various age groups who attended a gym once a month or more between 1990 and 2010.

Dạng biểu đồ

Line graph

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: The percentages of people attending a gym increased in all four age groups over the period, although the extent of growth varied considerably.

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: The 18–24 age group became the most frequent gym-going group from the late 1990s onwards, while people aged 45 and over consistently recorded the lowest figures.

 

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Younger age groups

Ý 1: 18–24 years

Ý 2: 25–34 years

Body 2 Grouping: Older age groups

Ý 1: 35–44 years

Ý 2: 45 years and over

 

Triển khai phân tích

 

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The line graph compares the proportions of Europeans in four age groups who went to a gym at least once a month between 1990 and 2010.

(Tạm dịch: Biểu đồ đường so sánh tỷ lệ người châu Âu thuộc bốn nhóm tuổi đến phòng tập ít nhất một lần mỗi tháng trong giai đoạn từ năm 1990 đến năm 2010.)

 

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, gym attendance increased across all four age groups during the period. The two younger groups experienced the most substantial growth and reached the highest levels by the end, with the 18–24 group becoming the leading category. In contrast, people aged 45 and over consistently had the lowest participation rate.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, tỷ lệ đi tập gym tăng ở cả bốn nhóm tuổi trong giai đoạn này. Hai nhóm tuổi trẻ có mức tăng đáng kể nhất và đạt các mức cao nhất vào cuối kỳ, trong đó nhóm 18–24 trở thành nhóm đứng đầu. Ngược lại, những người từ 45 tuổi trở lên luôn có tỷ lệ tham gia thấp nhất.)

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế illustrates data on → compares the proportions of, various age groups → four age groups, went to a gym once a month or more → attended a gym at least once a month, và between 1990 and 2010 → from 1990 to 2010.

 

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• Gym attendance increased in all four age groups.

• The younger groups generally recorded higher participation than the older groups.

Điểm nổi bật:

• The 18–24 group overtook the 25–34 group around the end of the 1990s and became the highest by the end of the period.

• The 45+ group remained the least active throughout.

 

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: 18–24 years → 25–34 years.

Topic sentence: The two younger age groups experienced the strongest growth in gym attendance over the period.

Detail 1: The proportion of 18–24-year-olds attending a gym was approximately 5% in 1990 and rose steadily to around 30% by 1999. It then increased much more rapidly, reaching about 50% in 2003 and peaking at approximately 60% in 2007–2008 before ending slightly lower at around 59% in 2010.

Detail 2: The figure for the 25–34 group also increased steadily, from roughly 7% in 1990 to 30% in 1999. It then continued to rise, reaching about 40% in 2005 and 50% by 2010, although it remained below the 18–24 group after the late 1990s.

 

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: 35–44 years → 45 years and over.

Topic sentence: The older groups also became more likely to visit the gym, but their participation remained considerably lower than that of younger adults.

Detail 1: The proportion of 35–44-year-olds rose gradually from approximately 4% in 1990 to 10% in 1995 and then continued increasing, reaching around 20% in 2005 before climbing to 40% in 2010.

Detail 2: The 45+ group consistently recorded the lowest figures, although its participation increased from only about 2% in 1990 to around 10% in 2005 and approximately 22% by 2010.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The line graph compares the proportions of Europeans in four age groups who went to a gym at least once a month between 1990 and 2010.

Overall, gym attendance increased across all four age groups during the period. The two younger groups experienced the most substantial growth and reached the highest levels by the end, with the 18–24 group becoming the leading category. In contrast, people aged 45 and over consistently had the lowest participation rate.

The two younger age groups experienced the strongest growth in gym attendance. The proportion of 18–24-year-olds attending a gym was approximately 5% in 1990 and rose steadily to around 30% by 1999. It then increased much more rapidly, reaching about 50% in 2003 and peaking at approximately 60% in 2007–2008, before ending slightly lower at around 59% in 2010. The figure for the 25–34 group also increased steadily, from roughly 7% in 1990 to 30% in 1999. It continued to rise afterwards, reaching about 40% in 2005 and 50% by 2010, although it remained below the 18–24 group after the late 1990s.

The older groups also became more likely to visit the gym, but their participation remained considerably lower. The proportion of 35–44-year-olds rose gradually from approximately 4% in 1990 to 10% in 1995 and around 20% in 2005, before reaching 40% in 2010. Meanwhile, the 45+ group consistently recorded the lowest figures, although its participation increased from only about 2% in 1990 to around 10% in 2005 and approximately 22% by 2010.

(Word count: 190)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. gym attendance (noun phrase): mức độ/tỷ lệ đi tập gym

E.g. Gym attendance increased across all age groups.

2. participation rate (noun phrase): tỷ lệ tham gia

E.g. The 45+ group had the lowest participation rate.

3. age group (noun phrase): nhóm tuổi

E.g. The 18–24 age group recorded the highest figure.

4. attend a gym (verb phrase): đến tập gym

E.g. More young adults attended a gym in 2010.

5. at least once a month (adverbial phrase): ít nhất một lần mỗi tháng

E.g. The chart shows people who attended a gym at least once a month.

6. rise steadily (verb phrase): tăng đều đặn

E.g. Gym attendance among 25–34-year-olds rose steadily.

7. increase rapidly (verb phrase): tăng nhanh

E.g. The figure increased rapidly after 2000.

8. peak at (verb phrase): đạt đỉnh ở mức

E.g. The figure for 18–24-year-olds peaked at around 60%.

9. end at (verb phrase): kết thúc ở mức

E.g. The proportion ended at approximately 59% in 2010.

10. remain below (verb phrase): vẫn thấp hơn

E.g. The 25–34 group remained below the 18–24 group.

11. consistently record the lowest figure (verb phrase): liên tục ghi nhận mức thấp nhất

E.g. The 45+ group consistently recorded the lowest figure.

12. experience substantial growth (verb phrase): trải qua mức tăng đáng kể

E.g. The younger age groups experienced substantial growth.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The line graph compares the proportions of + group + who + activity + over the period from + year + to + year. (Dùng để mở bài.)

E.g. The line graph compares the proportions of Europeans in four age groups who attended a gym between 1990 and 2010.

2. Overall, + activity + increased across all + groups + during the period. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, gym attendance increased across all four age groups during the period.

3. The proportion of + group + rose from + figure + to + figure + before reaching + figure. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng tăng qua nhiều mốc.)

E.g. The proportion of 18–24-year-olds rose from approximately 5% to 30% before reaching around 60%.

4. + Group + experienced a much more rapid increase, reaching + figure + by + year. (Dùng để nhấn mạnh giai đoạn tăng nhanh.)

E.g. The 18–24 group experienced a much more rapid increase, reaching about 50% by 2003.

5. In contrast, + group + consistently recorded the lowest figures, although + figure + increased from + number + to + number. (Dùng để mô tả nhóm thấp nhất nhưng vẫn tăng.)

E.g. In contrast, the 45+ group consistently recorded the lowest figures, although participation increased from about 2% to 22%.

6. By the end of the period, + group + had become the leading category, with + figure. (Dùng để mô tả sự thay đổi thứ hạng.)

E.g. By the end of the period, the 18–24 group had become the leading category, with around 59%.

 

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