1. Phân tích đề và nhóm thông tin

 

Đề bài

The diagrams below show the changes in a library from 1975 to the present.

Dạng biểu đồ

Maps / Diagrams

 

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: The library has undergone significant changes, particularly with the introduction of computers, a café and new shared areas.

 

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: Several facilities remained in the same locations, including the library desk, children's books, a bookshelf area, toilet, entrance and stairs.

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Changes in the upper and central areas

Ý 1: Books and magazines → computers

Ý 2: New books → wheelchair access and new books

Ý 3: Central bookshelves/shared areas → café and new shared areas

 

Body 2 Grouping: Unchanged facilities and remaining areas

Ý 1: Library desk

Ý 2: Children's books and bookshelves

Ý 3: Toilet, entrance and stairs

 

Triển khai phân tích

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The diagrams compare the layout of a library in 1975 with its current arrangement, highlighting the changes made to its facilities and shared spaces.

(Tạm dịch: Các sơ đồ so sánh cách bố trí của một thư viện vào năm 1975 với cách bố trí hiện tại, tập trung vào những thay đổi đối với các tiện ích và không gian chung.)

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, the library has been considerably modernised, with the former books and magazines area replaced by computers and a café added to the central section. Shared areas have also been relocated and expanded. However, several facilities, such as the library desk, children's books, bookshelves and toilet, have remained in their original positions.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, thư viện đã được hiện đại hóa đáng kể, với khu vực sách và tạp chí trước đây được thay thế bằng máy tính và một quán cà phê được bổ sung ở khu vực trung tâm. Các khu vực chung cũng được di chuyển và mở rộng. Tuy nhiên, một số tiện ích như bàn thư viện, sách thiếu nhi, kệ sách và nhà vệ sinh vẫn giữ nguyên vị trí ban đầu.)

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế show the changes → compare the layout, library → library facilities and spaces, from 1975 to the present → in 1975 and at present.

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• The library has been considerably modernised.

• Several major facilities were replaced or relocated.

Điểm nổi bật:

• The books and magazines section was converted into a computer area.

• A café and larger shared areas were introduced.

• Several facilities remained unchanged.

 

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: Upper section → Central section → Shared areas.

Topic sentence: The most significant changes occurred in the upper and central parts of the library.

Detail 1: In 1975, the upper-left section contained books and magazines, but this area has now been replaced by computers. On the upper-right side, one of the two new-book areas was converted into wheelchair access, while the other remained as a new-books section.

Detail 2: The central bookshelves and shared areas in the old layout were removed. In their place, a café was added on the left, while shared areas with tables were created in the central and right-hand sections.

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: Library desk → Lower sections → Toilet and entrance.

Topic sentence: Despite these major modifications, a number of facilities have remained unchanged.

Detail 1: The library desk is still located in the upper-right area, while the children's book section remains in the lower-right corner.

Detail 2: The bookshelf area in the lower-left corner and the toilet in the centre of the bottom section have also retained their original positions. In addition, the entrance and stairs at the top of the library remain unchanged.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The diagrams compare the layout of a library in 1975 with its current arrangement, highlighting the changes made to its facilities and shared spaces.

Overall, the library has been considerably modernised, with the former books and magazines area replaced by computers and a café added to the central section. Shared areas have also been relocated and expanded. However, several facilities, including the library desk, children's books, bookshelves and toilet, have remained in their original positions.

The most significant changes occurred in the upper and central parts of the library. In 1975, the upper-left section contained books and magazines, whereas this area has now been converted into a computer section. On the upper-right side, one of the two new-book areas was replaced by wheelchair access, while the other remained as a new-books section. In the centre, the former bookshelves and shared areas were removed. A café was subsequently introduced on the left, while new shared areas with tables were created towards the centre and right of the library.

Despite these modifications, several facilities have remained unchanged. The library desk is still situated in the upper-right section, while the children's book area remains in the lower-right corner. Similarly, the bookshelf area in the lower-left corner and the toilet at the bottom centre have retained their original positions. The entrance and stairs at the top of the library have also remained in the same locations.

(Word count: 181)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. library layout (noun phrase): bố cục thư viện

E.g. The library layout has changed considerably since 1975.

2. library facilities (noun phrase): các tiện ích/cơ sở vật chất của thư viện

E.g. Several library facilities have been modernised.

3. computer section (noun phrase): khu vực máy tính

E.g. The former magazine area was converted into a computer section.

4. wheelchair access (noun phrase): lối tiếp cận dành cho xe lăn

E.g. Wheelchair access was added near the entrance.

5. shared areas (noun phrase): khu vực dùng chung

E.g. The shared areas were relocated to the centre of the library.

6. be converted into (verb phrase): được chuyển đổi thành

E.g. The books and magazines area was converted into a computer section.

7. be replaced by (verb phrase): được thay thế bởi

E.g. The central bookshelves were replaced by a café.

8. be relocated (verb): được di chuyển sang vị trí khác

E.g. The shared areas were relocated to the right-hand side.

9. retain its original position (verb phrase): giữ nguyên vị trí ban đầu

E.g. The library desk retained its original position.

10. remain unchanged (verb phrase): vẫn không thay đổi

E.g. The children's book section remained unchanged.

11. undergo significant changes (verb phrase): trải qua những thay đổi đáng kể

E.g. The library underwent significant changes over the period.

12. be situated in (verb phrase): nằm ở

E.g. The library desk is situated in the upper-right section.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The diagrams compare the layout of + place + in + year + with its current arrangement. (Dùng để mở bài.)

E.g. The diagrams compare the layout of a library in 1975 with its current arrangement.

2. Overall, + place + has been considerably modernised, with + facility + replaced by + facility. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, the library has been considerably modernised, with the books and magazines area replaced by computers.

3. In + year +, + area + contained + facility +, whereas this area has now been converted into + facility. (Dùng để mô tả sự thay đổi của một khu vực.)

E.g. In 1975, the upper-left section contained books and magazines, whereas this area has now been converted into a computer section.

4. + Facility + was replaced by + facility +, while + facility + remained in the same position. (Dùng để so sánh hai thay đổi.)

E.g. One new-book area was replaced by wheelchair access, while the other remained in the same position.

5. The former + facility + was removed and replaced by + facility. (Dùng để mô tả sự thay thế.)

E.g. The former bookshelves were removed and replaced by a café.

6. Despite these modifications, + facilities + have remained unchanged. (Dùng để chuyển sang các khu vực không thay đổi.)

E.g. Despite these modifications, several facilities have remained unchanged.

7. + Facility + has retained its original position. (Dùng để mô tả vị trí không thay đổi.)

E.g. The library desk has retained its original position.

8. The + facility + remains in the + location +, while + facility + is still situated in + location. (Dùng để mô tả nhiều khu vực giữ nguyên vị trí.)

E.g. The children's book area remains in the lower-right corner, while the toilet is still situated at the bottom centre.

 

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