1. Phân tích đề và nhóm số liệu

 

Đề bài

The maps below show a part of a village in 1910 and the same part of the village in 2010.

Dạng biểu đồ

Maps

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: Mạng lưới đường chính của ngôi làng hầu như không thay đổi, nhưng khu vực trung tâm được tái phát triển mạnh với nhiều nhà ở và các công trình hiện đại.

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: Nhiều cửa hàng nhỏ và không gian xanh đã bị thay thế bởi các khu dân cư, một siêu thị, ngân hàng và quán cà phê, phản ánh quá trình đô thị hóa của ngôi làng.

 

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Shalton village in 1910

Ý 1: Road layout and central area

Ý 2: Public facilities, shops and housing

Body 2 Grouping: Shalton village in 2010

Ý 1: Redevelopment of the central area

Ý 2: New facilities and housing expansion

 

Triển khai phân tích

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The two maps compare how part of Shalton village changed between 1910 and 2010.

(Tạm dịch: Hai bản đồ so sánh những thay đổi của một phần ngôi làng Shalton trong giai đoạn từ năm 1910 đến năm 2010.)

 

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, although the village's road network remained largely unchanged, the central area underwent extensive redevelopment. Green spaces and several small shops disappeared, giving way to additional housing and more modern commercial facilities.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, mặc dù hệ thống đường của ngôi làng hầu như không thay đổi, khu vực trung tâm đã được tái phát triển đáng kể. Không gian xanh và nhiều cửa hàng nhỏ đã biến mất, nhường chỗ cho nhà ở và các cơ sở thương mại hiện đại hơn.)

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế show → compare, a part of a village → part of Shalton village, in 1910 and 2010 → between 1910 and 2010.

 

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• Hệ thống đường School Road, London Road và High Street được giữ nguyên.

• Khu trung tâm chuyển từ không gian xanh sang khu dân cư và thương mại.

Điểm nổi bật:

• Nhiều cửa hàng nhỏ bị thay thế bằng các cơ sở hiện đại.

• Nhà ở được mở rộng đáng kể trong toàn bộ khu vực.

 

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: Road layout → Buildings and facilities.

Topic sentence: In 1910, the village featured a spacious green centre surrounded by several local businesses.

Detail 1: School Road, London Road and High Street formed a triangular layout enclosing a large house surrounded by trees.

Detail 2: A butcher, grocer and bakery served the village, while the post office and school were located to the north-east and south-west respectively. Only a small number of houses were scattered around the village.

 

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: Redevelopment → New facilities and housing.

Topic sentence: By 2010, the village centre had been extensively modernised despite the unchanged road system.

Detail 1: The large house and surrounding trees were removed to make way for a new residential area with several houses and an internal road.

Detail 2: The butcher was replaced by a supermarket with a car park, the grocer and bakery disappeared in favour of a café and housing, while a bank was added beside the post office. Houses also spread along London Road and south of High Street.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The two maps compare how part of Shalton village changed between 1910 and 2010.

Overall, although the village's road network remained largely unchanged, the central area underwent extensive redevelopment. Green spaces and several small shops disappeared, giving way to additional housing and more modern commercial facilities.

In 1910, School Road, London Road and High Street formed a triangular layout enclosing a large house surrounded by numerous trees. Several local businesses served the village, including a butcher on School Road and a grocer and bakery along High Street. Meanwhile, the post office stood to the north-east of the triangle, the school occupied the south-west corner, and only a few houses were located around the village.

By 2010, the road system remained intact, but the central green area had been completely transformed. The large house and trees were replaced by several residential buildings and a new internal road. The butcher gave way to a supermarket with an adjoining car park, while the grocer and bakery disappeared and were replaced by a café and an additional house. Furthermore, a bank was constructed beside the post office, and housing expanded considerably along London Road and the southern side of High Street.

(Word count: 184)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. redevelopment (noun): sự tái phát triển

E.g. The village underwent extensive redevelopment.

2. green space (noun phrase): không gian xanh

E.g. Most of the green space disappeared by 2010.

3. residential area (noun phrase): khu dân cư

E.g. A new residential area was created in the village centre.

4. commercial facility (noun phrase): cơ sở thương mại

E.g. Several commercial facilities were added.

5. make way for (verb phrase): nhường chỗ cho

E.g. The trees were removed to make way for new houses.

6. be replaced by (verb phrase): được thay thế bởi

E.g. The butcher was replaced by a supermarket.

7. undergo (verb): trải qua

E.g. The village underwent significant changes.

8. enclose (verb): bao quanh

E.g. The roads enclosed the central area.

9. adjoining (adjective): liền kề

E.g. A supermarket with an adjoining car park was built.

10. expand considerably (verb phrase): mở rộng đáng kể

E.g. Housing expanded considerably after 1910.

11. remain intact (verb phrase): vẫn được giữ nguyên

E.g. The road network remained intact throughout the period.

12. scatter (verb): phân bố rải rác

E.g. Houses were scattered around the village.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The maps compare how + place + changed between + year + and + year. (Dùng để mở bài cho dạng Maps.)

E.g. The maps compare how part of Shalton village changed between 1910 and 2010.

2. Overall, although + feature + remained unchanged, the area underwent extensive redevelopment. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, although the road network remained unchanged, the village centre underwent extensive redevelopment.

3. The area featured + noun + surrounded by + noun. (Dùng để mô tả bố cục ban đầu.)

E.g. The centre featured a large house surrounded by trees.

4. Several facilities, including + A, B and C, were located along + road. (Dùng để mô tả vị trí các công trình.)

E.g. Several shops, including a grocer and a bakery, were located along High Street.

5. By + year, + structure + had been replaced by + new structure. (Dùng để mô tả sự thay thế.)

E.g. By 2010, the large house had been replaced by residential buildings.

6. Housing expanded considerably, while + new facility + was constructed beside + landmark. (Dùng để mô tả mở rộng và xây mới.)

E.g. Housing expanded considerably, while a bank was constructed beside the post office.

 

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