1. Phân tích đề và nhóm thông tin

 

Đề bài

The charts below show the percentages of students participating in various courses at an adult education centre in 1985 and now.

Dạng biểu đồ

Pie charts

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: The course structure changed considerably between 1985 and the present, with IT becoming the most popular subject and two former courses being discontinued.

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: Participation in Art and Modern languages declined, while Cookery increased and Fitness and dance remained unchanged. Local history and Music appreciation were replaced by IT.

 

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Courses with declining participation

Ý 1: Art

Ý 2: Modern languages

Body 2 Grouping: Courses with stable or increased participation

Ý 1: Cookery

Ý 2: Fitness and dance

Body 3 Grouping: Courses replaced or newly introduced

Ý 1: Local history and Music appreciation

Ý 2: IT

 

Triển khai phân tích

 

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The two pie charts compare the percentages of students enrolled in different courses at an adult education centre in 1985 and the present day.

(Tạm dịch: Hai biểu đồ tròn so sánh tỷ lệ sinh viên theo học các khóa học khác nhau tại một trung tâm giáo dục người lớn vào năm 1985 và hiện nay.)

 

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, the range of courses has changed noticeably over the period. While the proportions choosing Art and Modern languages decreased, Cookery became more popular and Fitness and dance maintained the same share. Meanwhile, Local history and Music appreciation were discontinued and replaced by IT, which is now the most popular course.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, cơ cấu các khóa học đã thay đổi đáng kể trong giai đoạn này. Trong khi tỷ lệ học Art và Modern languages giảm, Cookery trở nên phổ biến hơn và Fitness and dance giữ nguyên tỷ lệ. Trong khi đó, Local history và Music appreciation đã bị loại bỏ và được thay thế bằng IT, hiện là khóa học phổ biến nhất.)

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế show → compare, percentages of students participating → proportions of students enrolled, various courses → different courses, và at an adult education centre → at an adult education centre in 1985 and the present day.

 

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• The course structure changed significantly.

• Several existing courses were replaced by a new IT course.

Điểm nổi bật:

• IT became the largest category, at 27%.

• Art and Modern languages declined.

• Fitness and dance remained unchanged at 22%.

• Local history and Music appreciation disappeared from the current programme.

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: Art → Modern languages.

Topic sentence: Two of the courses that were offered in both years experienced declines in student participation.

Detail 1: The proportion of students studying Art fell slightly from 17% in 1985 to 15% at present.

Detail 2: Modern languages saw a larger decrease, dropping from 24% to 17%, a decline of 7 percentage points.

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: Cookery → Fitness and dance.

Topic sentence: The remaining continuing courses either became more popular or maintained their original levels of participation.

Detail 1: The proportion of students taking Cookery increased from 14% in 1985 to 19% at present, making it the second-largest course in the current programme.

Detail 2: Fitness and dance remained unchanged at 22%, accounting for the same proportion of students in both years.

Body Paragraph 3

Trật tự sắp xếp: Local history and Music appreciation → IT.

Topic sentence: The most significant structural change was the removal of two courses and the introduction of IT.

Detail 1: Local history, which accounted for 15% of students in 1985, and Music appreciation, at 8%, are no longer offered.

Detail 2: These courses were effectively replaced by IT, which now attracts 27% of students and has become the most popular course.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The two pie charts compare the percentages of students enrolled in different courses at an adult education centre in 1985 and the present day.

Overall, the range of courses has changed noticeably over the period. While the proportions choosing Art and Modern languages decreased, Cookery became more popular and Fitness and dance maintained the same share. Meanwhile, Local history and Music appreciation were discontinued and replaced by IT, which is now the most popular course.

Two of the courses that were offered in both years experienced declines in student participation. The proportion of students studying Art fell slightly from 17% in 1985 to 15% at present. Modern languages saw a larger decrease, dropping from 24% to 17%, a decline of 7 percentage points.

The remaining continuing courses either became more popular or maintained their original levels. The proportion of students taking Cookery increased from 14% in 1985 to 19% at present, making it the second-largest course in the current programme. Fitness and dance, by contrast, remained unchanged at 22%, accounting for the same proportion of students in both years.

The most significant structural change was the removal of two courses and the introduction of IT. Local history, which accounted for 15% of students in 1985, and Music appreciation, at 8%, are no longer offered. These courses were effectively replaced by IT, which now attracts 27% of students and has become the most popular course.

(Word count: 185)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. course structure (noun phrase): cơ cấu các khóa học

E.g. The course structure changed considerably over the period.

2. be enrolled in (verb phrase): được đăng ký theo học

E.g. Many students were enrolled in Modern languages.

3. student participation (noun phrase): tỷ lệ sinh viên tham gia

E.g. Student participation in Cookery increased.

4. adult education centre (noun phrase): trung tâm giáo dục người lớn

E.g. The courses were offered at an adult education centre.

5. decline slightly (verb phrase): giảm nhẹ

E.g. The proportion studying Art declined slightly.

6. drop by + number + percentage points (verb phrase): giảm bao nhiêu điểm phần trăm

E.g. Modern languages dropped by 7 percentage points.

7. become more popular (verb phrase): trở nên phổ biến hơn

E.g. Cookery became more popular over the period.

8. remain unchanged (verb phrase): giữ nguyên

E.g. Fitness and dance remained unchanged at 22%.

9. be discontinued (verb phrase): bị ngừng, bị loại bỏ

E.g. Local history was discontinued.

10. be replaced by (verb phrase): được thay thế bởi

E.g. Music appreciation was replaced by IT.

11. the most popular course (noun phrase): khóa học phổ biến nhất

E.g. IT is now the most popular course.

12. account for (verb phrase): chiếm

E.g. Fitness and dance accounted for 22% of students.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The pie charts compare the percentages of students enrolled in + courses + in + year + and at present. (Dùng để mở bài.)

E.g. The pie charts compare the percentages of students enrolled in different courses in 1985 and at present.

2. Overall, the range of courses has changed noticeably, with + old course + replaced by + new course. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, the range of courses has changed noticeably, with two former courses replaced by IT.

3. The proportion of students studying + course + fell from + figure + to + figure. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng giảm.)

E.g. The proportion of students studying Art fell from 17% to 15%.

4. + Course + saw a larger decrease, dropping from + figure + to + figure. (Dùng để mô tả mức giảm lớn hơn.)

E.g. Modern languages saw a larger decrease, dropping from 24% to 17%.

5. The proportion of students taking + course + increased from + figure + to + figure, making it the + ranking + course. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng tăng kèm thứ hạng.)

E.g. The proportion of students taking Cookery increased from 14% to 19%, making it the second-largest course.

6. + Course + remained unchanged at + figure, accounting for the same proportion in both years. (Dùng để mô tả số liệu không đổi.)

E.g. Fitness and dance remained unchanged at 22%, accounting for the same proportion in both years.

7. + Course +, which accounted for + figure + in + year, is no longer offered. (Dùng để mô tả khóa học bị loại bỏ.)

E.g. Local history, which accounted for 15% in 1985, is no longer offered.

8. + New course + was introduced and now attracts + figure +, making it the most popular course. (Dùng để mô tả khóa học mới.)

E.g. IT was introduced and now attracts 27%, making it the most popular course.

 

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