1. Phân tích đề và nhóm thông tin

 

Đề bài

The graphs below show the age of visitors from the UK to Spain in 1983 and 2003.

Dạng biểu đồ

Pie charts

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: The proportion of visitors aged 35–54 declined substantially but remained the largest age group in both years.

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: Younger adults (16–24) and older travellers (55+) became more common over the period, while the share of 25–34-year-olds fell noticeably.

 

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Age groups showing a decline

Ý 1: 35–54 years

Ý 2: 25–34 years

Body 2 Grouping: Age groups showing an increase

Ý 1: 16–24 years and 55+ years

Ý 2: 0–15 years

 

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Triển khai phân tích

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The pie charts compare the proportions of UK visitors to Spain across five different age groups in 1983 and 2003.

(Tạm dịch: Hai biểu đồ tròn so sánh tỷ lệ du khách từ Vương quốc Anh đến Tây Ban Nha thuộc năm nhóm tuổi khác nhau vào năm 1983 và 2003.)

 

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, the proportion of visitors aged 35–54 fell considerably over the period, although it remained the largest age group in both years. By contrast, the shares of 16–24-year-olds and people aged 55 and above increased markedly, while the percentage of 25–34-year-olds declined.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, tỷ lệ du khách từ 35–54 tuổi giảm đáng kể trong giai đoạn này, mặc dù vẫn là nhóm lớn nhất ở cả hai năm. Ngược lại, tỷ lệ nhóm 16–24 tuổi và từ 55 tuổi trở lên tăng rõ rệt, trong khi nhóm 25–34 tuổi giảm.)

 

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế show → compare, the age of visitors → the age distribution of visitors, from the UK to Spain → travelling from the UK to Spain.

 

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• The 35–54 age group remained the largest despite a substantial decline.

• The shares of 16–24-year-olds and 55+ visitors increased considerably.

Điểm nổi bật:

• 25–34-year-olds became less common.

• The proportion of children changed only slightly.

 

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: 35–54 years → 25–34 years.

Topic sentence: The two middle-aged groups both experienced declines over the 20-year period.

Detail 1: The proportion of visitors aged 35–54 dropped significantly from 50% in 1983 to 35% in 2003, although it remained the largest category.

Detail 2: Similarly, the share of 25–34-year-olds fell from 20% to 12%, representing another notable decrease.

 

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: 16–24 years → 55+ years → 0–15 years.

Topic sentence: In contrast, the remaining age groups all became more common, particularly younger adults and older travellers.

Detail 1: The percentage of visitors aged 16–24 rose sharply from just 4% to 15%, while the figure for those aged 55 and over increased from 16% to 26%.

Detail 2: Meanwhile, the proportion of children aged 0–15 edged up slightly from 10% to 12%, matching the figure for the 25–34 age group in 2003.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The pie charts compare the proportions of UK visitors to Spain across five different age groups in 1983 and 2003.

Overall, the proportion of visitors aged 35–54 fell considerably over the period, although it remained the largest age group in both years. By contrast, the shares of 16–24-year-olds and people aged 55 and above increased markedly, while the percentage of 25–34-year-olds declined.

The two middle-aged groups both experienced downward trends. The proportion of visitors aged 35–54 fell significantly from 50% in 1983 to 35% in 2003. Despite this decline, it remained the largest category in both years. Likewise, the percentage of 25–34-year-olds decreased from 20% to 12%, making it one of the least represented groups by the end of the period.

In contrast, the remaining age groups all became more common. The proportion of visitors aged 16–24 rose dramatically from only 4% to 15%, while the figure for people aged 55 and over climbed from 16% to 26%. Meanwhile, the share of children aged 0–15 increased slightly from 10% to 12%, equalling the proportion of the 25–34 age group in 2003.

(Word count: 174)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. age distribution (noun phrase): cơ cấu độ tuổi

E.g. The charts illustrate the age distribution of visitors.

2. middle-aged group (noun phrase): nhóm trung niên

E.g. The middle-aged group accounted for the largest share.

3. older travellers (noun phrase): du khách lớn tuổi

E.g. Older travellers became more common in 2003.

4. experience a decline (verb phrase): ghi nhận sự suy giảm

E.g. The 35–54 age group experienced a substantial decline.

5. rise sharply (verb phrase): tăng mạnh

E.g. The proportion of young adults rose sharply.

6. climb considerably (verb phrase): tăng đáng kể

E.g. The figure for older visitors climbed considerably.

7. remain the largest category (verb phrase): vẫn là nhóm lớn nhất

E.g. This age group remained the largest category throughout the period.

8. edge up slightly (verb phrase): tăng nhẹ

E.g. The percentage of children edged up slightly.

9. account for (verb phrase): chiếm

E.g. Visitors aged 35–54 accounted for half of all tourists.

10. represent the smallest proportion (verb phrase): chiếm tỷ lệ nhỏ nhất

E.g. Young adults represented the smallest proportion in 1983.

11. noticeable increase (noun phrase): sự gia tăng đáng kể

E.g. There was a noticeable increase in the proportion of older visitors.

12. equal the figure for (verb phrase): bằng với số liệu của

E.g. The percentage equalled the figure for the 25–34 age group.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The pie charts compare the proportions of + subject + across different age groups in + years. (Dùng để mở bài.)

E.g. The pie charts compare the proportions of UK visitors to Spain across different age groups in 1983 and 2003.

2. Overall, the proportion of + group + declined considerably, whereas the figures for + groups + increased noticeably. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, the proportion of visitors aged 35–54 declined considerably, whereas the figures for the 16–24 and 55+ groups increased noticeably.

3. The share of + group + fell from + figure + to + figure +, although it remained the largest category. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng giảm.)

E.g. The share of visitors aged 35–54 fell from 50% to 35%, although it remained the largest category.

4. Similarly, the proportion of + group + decreased by + amount + over the period. (Dùng để mô tả nhóm có cùng xu hướng.)

E.g. Similarly, the proportion of 25–34-year-olds decreased by 8 percentage points over the period.

5. In contrast, the figure for + group + rose from + figure + to + figure +. (Dùng để mô tả xu hướng tăng.)

E.g. In contrast, the figure for visitors aged 55 and over rose from 16% to 26%.

6. Meanwhile, the percentage of + group + edged up slightly, reaching + figure + by the end of the period. (Dùng để mô tả mức tăng nhẹ.)

E.g. Meanwhile, the percentage of children aged 0–15 edged up slightly, reaching 12% by 2003.

 

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