1. Phân tích đề và nhóm thông tin

Đề bài

The table below shows the percentage of lawyers choosing jobs in different fields in a specific country between 2001 and 2016. Provide an overview of the information by identifying and describing the key details, and include comparisons where appropriate.

Dạng biểu đồ

Table

 

Xác định đặc điểm tổng quan (Overview Features)

Đặc điểm nổi bật 1: Government remained the most popular employment sector for both genders in both years, although its share declined among men.

Đặc điểm nổi bật 2: Female lawyers became increasingly represented in private law and business, whereas the proportion working in other industries fell considerably. By contrast, employment patterns among men changed more gradually.

 

Chia nhóm dữ liệu cho các đoạn Thân bài (Data Grouping)

Body 1 Grouping: Male lawyers

Ý 1: Employment distribution in 2001

Ý 2: Changes by 2016

 

Body 2 Grouping: Female lawyers

Ý 1: Employment distribution in 2001

Ý 2: Changes by 2016 and gender comparisons

 

Triển khai phân tích

Mở bài (Paraphrase)

The table compares the proportions of male and female lawyers who chose to work in four different employment sectors in a particular country in 2001 and 2016.

(Tạm dịch: Bảng so sánh tỷ lệ luật sư nam và nữ lựa chọn làm việc trong bốn lĩnh vực nghề nghiệp khác nhau tại một quốc gia vào năm 2001 và 2016.)

 

Tóm tắt tổng quan (Overview)

Overall, government was the most common career choice for both male and female lawyers in both years, despite a noticeable decline among men. Meanwhile, women became more likely to work in private law and business, whereas the proportion employed in other industries dropped markedly. In contrast, men's employment patterns remained relatively stable.

(Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, khu vực chính phủ là lựa chọn nghề nghiệp phổ biến nhất đối với cả luật sư nam và nữ trong cả hai năm, mặc dù tỷ lệ nam giảm đáng kể. Trong khi đó, phụ nữ ngày càng có xu hướng làm việc trong lĩnh vực luật tư và kinh doanh, còn tỷ lệ làm việc ở các ngành khác giảm mạnh. Ngược lại, cơ cấu việc làm của nam giới nhìn chung khá ổn định.)

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2. Lập dàn ý chi tiết cho bài viết

 

Introduction

Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách thay thế shows → compares, percentage → proportion, choosing jobs → working in, different fields → employment sectors.

Overview

Đặc điểm chung:

• Government remained the largest employment sector for both genders.

• Female employment patterns changed more noticeably than those of males.

Điểm nổi bật:

• Women increased their participation in private law and business.

• Men experienced a decline in government employment, while business remained unchanged.

 

Body Paragraph 1

Trật tự sắp xếp: Government → Other industries → Private law → Business.

Topic sentence: Employment patterns among male lawyers experienced only modest changes over the period.

Detail 1: In 2001, government was the dominant sector at 45%, followed by other industries (26%), while private law and business accounted for 15% and 14%, respectively.

Detail 2: By 2016, the share working in government had fallen to 38%, whereas private law and other industries rose slightly to 19% and 29%. Business remained unchanged at 14%.

 

Body Paragraph 2

Trật tự sắp xếp: Government → Other industries → Private law and Business.

Topic sentence: Female lawyers showed more noticeable changes in career preferences between the two years.

Detail 1: Government continued to employ the largest proportion of women, increasing marginally from 41% to 42%, while employment in other industries declined sharply from 28% to 16%.

Detail 2: Private law and business both grew substantially, reaching 21% in 2016. As a result, women recorded higher proportions than men in private law, business and government.

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

The table compares the proportions of male and female lawyers who worked in four different employment sectors in a particular country in 2001 and 2016.

Overall, government remained the most popular employment sector for both genders throughout the period, although its share declined among men. In contrast, female lawyers became increasingly represented in private law and business, while the proportion employed in other industries fell considerably. Overall, men's employment patterns changed relatively little.

Among male lawyers, government accounted for the largest share in 2001, at 45%, followed by other industries with 26%. Much smaller proportions worked as private lawyers and in business, at 15% and 14%, respectively. By 2016, the percentage employed in government had fallen to 38%, while private law and other industries rose modestly to 19% and 29%. The figure for business remained unchanged at 14%.

Female employment patterns showed greater variation. Government continued to be the leading sector, edging up slightly from 41% to 42%, whereas the proportion working in other industries dropped markedly from 28% to 16%. Meanwhile, private law increased from 17% to 21%, and business recorded the largest rise, climbing from 14% to 21%. Consequently, women accounted for higher proportions than men in private law, business and government by 2016.

(Word count: 187)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. employment sector (noun phrase): lĩnh vực việc làm

E.g. Government was the largest employment sector.

2. private law (noun phrase): lĩnh vực luật tư

E.g. More women entered private law in 2016.

3. other industries (noun phrase): các ngành khác

E.g. Employment in other industries declined sharply.

4. career preference (noun phrase): xu hướng lựa chọn nghề nghiệp

E.g. Female lawyers showed changing career preferences.

5. account for (verb phrase): chiếm

E.g. Government accounted for the largest proportion of lawyers.

6. record a rise (verb phrase): ghi nhận sự gia tăng

E.g. Business recorded a significant rise among women.

7. remain unchanged (verb phrase): giữ nguyên, không thay đổi

E.g. The proportion working in business remained unchanged.

8. decline markedly (verb phrase): giảm đáng kể

E.g. Employment in other industries declined markedly.

9. edge up slightly (verb phrase): tăng nhẹ

E.g. The figure for government edged up slightly.

10. employment pattern (noun phrase): cơ cấu/xu hướng việc làm

E.g. Male employment patterns remained relatively stable.

11. career choice (noun phrase): lựa chọn nghề nghiệp

E.g. Government remained the most common career choice.

12. proportion employed in (noun phrase): tỷ lệ làm việc trong

E.g. The proportion employed in government decreased over time.

 

Sentence Structures

1. The table compares the proportions of + group + working in + employment sectors + over a given period. (Dùng để mở bài.)

E.g. The table compares the proportions of male and female lawyers working in four employment sectors between 2001 and 2016.

2. Overall, + sector + remained the most popular choice, although + group + experienced a decline. (Dùng để viết Overview.)

E.g. Overall, government remained the most popular choice, although male participation declined.

3. In + year +, + sector + accounted for the largest proportion at + figure +, followed by + sector +. (Dùng để mô tả thứ hạng.)

E.g. In 2001, government accounted for the largest proportion at 45%, followed by other industries.

4. By + year +, the proportion working in + sector + had fallen/risen to + figure +. (Dùng để mô tả sự thay đổi theo thời gian.)

E.g. By 2016, the proportion working in government had fallen to 38%.

5. Meanwhile, + sector + recorded a modest/significant increase, whereas + sector + remained unchanged. (Dùng để so sánh các xu hướng.)

E.g. Meanwhile, private law recorded a modest increase, whereas business remained unchanged.

6. Consequently, + group + recorded higher proportions than + group + in + sectors + by the end of the period. (Dùng để kết luận sự so sánh.)

E.g. Consequently, women recorded higher proportions than men in private law, business and government by 2016.

 

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