Tin Tức

1. Xây dựng ý tưởng

Đề bài

Some people believe governments should spend money on building train and subway lines to reduce traffic congestion. Others think that building more and wider roads is the better way to reduce traffic congestion. Consider both arguments and present your viewpoint.

Dạng bài

Discussion essay

Xác định chủ đề và luận điểm

Topic: Solutions to Traffic Congestion

 

Luận điểm 1: Investing in trains and subways

Reduction in private vehicle usage: giảm sử dụng phương tiện cá nhân

Efficient mass transportation systems: hệ thống vận tải công cộng hiệu quả

Lower air pollution and emissions: giảm ô nhiễm không khí và khí thải

Long-term solution to traffic congestion: giải pháp dài hạn cho ùn tắc giao thông

Faster travel during peak hours: di chuyển nhanh hơn vào giờ cao điểm

Sustainable urban development: phát triển đô thị bền vững

 

Luận điểm 2: Building more and wider roads

Immediate improvement in traffic flow: cải thiện lưu thông giao thông ngay lập tức

Increased road capacity: tăng khả năng chứa của đường bộ

Easier transportation of goods: vận chuyển hàng hóa thuận lợi hơn

Lower construction complexity in some areas: ít phức tạp hơn trong một số khu vực

Better accessibility for private vehicles: thuận tiện hơn cho phương tiện cá nhân

Support for economic activities: hỗ trợ các hoạt động kinh tế

 

Triển khai ý tưởng

 

Position

While expanding roads may provide short-term relief, I believe governments should prioritize trains and subways because they offer a more sustainable and effective long-term solution to traffic congestion.

→ Mặc dù mở rộng đường sá có thể mang lại hiệu quả ngắn hạn, tôi tin rằng chính phủ nên ưu tiên tàu hỏa và tàu điện ngầm vì đây là giải pháp bền vững và hiệu quả hơn trong dài hạn.

Ví dụ:

Metro systems in major cities reducing car dependency

Wider roads becoming congested again after a few years

 

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2. Lập dàn ý cho đề theo PEEL

 

Introduction

Paraphrase: some people support public transport investment, while others prefer road expansion

Question: discuss both views and give opinion

Thesis: although wider roads can temporarily improve traffic conditions, investing in rail and subway systems is a more effective long-term strategy

 

Body Paragraph 1

Point: road expansion can provide certain benefits

Evidence: increased capacity, smoother traffic flow, easier goods transportation

Explanation: additional road space may reduce congestion in the short term

Link: however, growing numbers of vehicles often eliminate these benefits over time

 

Body Paragraph 2

Point: trains and subways are a more sustainable solution

Evidence: fewer private cars, reduced pollution, efficient mass transport, faster commuting

Explanation: public transportation can move large numbers of people efficiently

Link: investment in public transport addresses the root causes of congestion

 

Conclusion

Summary: both approaches have advantages

Restate: despite the short-term benefits of wider roads, governments should focus on public transportation for lasting improvements

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

Traffic congestion is a major problem in many cities around the world. Some people argue that governments should invest in train and subway systems, while others believe building more and wider roads is a better solution. While road expansion can offer temporary benefits, I believe investing in public transportation is a more effective long-term approach.

On the one hand, building more and wider roads can improve traffic conditions in the short term. One important advantage is the increased road capacity, which allows more vehicles to travel simultaneously and reduces bottlenecks. Wider roads can also provide an immediate improvement in traffic flow, especially in rapidly growing urban areas. Furthermore, road expansion can support businesses by enabling the easier transportation of goods and improving access to commercial areas. These benefits may contribute to economic growth and convenience for drivers. However, as more people choose to use private vehicles, newly expanded roads often become congested again after a relatively short period.

On the other hand, investing in trains and subways offers a more sustainable solution. Efficient rail networks encourage the reduction in private vehicle usage, which directly decreases traffic volume on roads. In addition, efficient mass transportation systems can carry thousands of passengers at the same time, making them far more space-efficient than cars. Public transport also contributes to lower air pollution and emissions by reducing dependence on private vehicles. Moreover, trains and subways provide faster travel during peak hours, helping commuters avoid delays caused by road congestion. As a result, they support sustainable urban development and provide long-term benefits for growing cities.

In conclusion, although wider roads may reduce congestion temporarily, I believe governments should prioritize train and subway projects because they offer a more sustainable and effective long-term solution.

(Word count: 299)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. reduction in private vehicle usage (noun phrase): giảm sử dụng phương tiện cá nhân

   E.g. Public transport encourages a reduction in private vehicle usage.

2. efficient mass transportation systems (noun phrase): hệ thống vận tải công cộng hiệu quả

   E.g. Cities require efficient mass transportation systems.

3. lower air pollution and emissions (noun phrase): giảm ô nhiễm không khí và khí thải

   E.g. Electric trains help achieve lower air pollution and emissions.

4. long-term solution to traffic congestion (noun phrase): giải pháp dài hạn cho ùn tắc giao thông

   E.g. Metro systems provide a long-term solution to traffic congestion.

5. faster travel during peak hours (noun phrase): di chuyển nhanh hơn vào giờ cao điểm

   E.g. Subways allow faster travel during peak hours.

6. sustainable urban development (noun phrase): phát triển đô thị bền vững

   E.g. Governments should promote sustainable urban development.

7. immediate improvement in traffic flow (noun phrase): cải thiện lưu thông giao thông ngay lập tức

   E.g. New highways may create an immediate improvement in traffic flow.

8. increased road capacity (noun phrase): tăng khả năng chứa của đường bộ

   E.g. Wider roads provide increased road capacity.

9. easier transportation of goods (noun phrase): vận chuyển hàng hóa thuận lợi hơn

   E.g. Better infrastructure enables easier transportation of goods.

10. lower construction complexity (noun phrase): độ phức tạp xây dựng thấp hơn

    E.g. Road projects may involve lower construction complexity in some regions.

11. better accessibility for private vehicles (noun phrase): thuận tiện hơn cho phương tiện cá nhân

    E.g. New roads provide better accessibility for private vehicles.

12. support for economic activities (noun phrase): hỗ trợ các hoạt động kinh tế

    E.g. Transport networks provide support for economic activities.

13. traffic volume (noun phrase): lưu lượng giao thông

    E.g. Public transport reduces traffic volume significantly.

14. urban areas (noun phrase): khu vực đô thị

    E.g. Congestion is common in urban areas.

15. commercial areas (noun phrase): khu thương mại

    E.g. Businesses are concentrated in commercial areas.

16. rail networks (noun phrase): mạng lưới đường sắt

    E.g. Modern rail networks improve mobility.

17. space-efficient (adjective): tiết kiệm không gian

    E.g. Trains are more space-efficient than private cars.

18. public transportation (noun phrase): giao thông công cộng

    E.g. Governments should invest in public transportation.

19. road congestion (noun phrase): ùn tắc đường bộ

    E.g. Public transit helps reduce road congestion.

20. commuters (noun): người đi làm, đi học hằng ngày

    E.g. Many commuters prefer metro systems.

 

Sentence Structures

1. While + noun phrase + can + verb + noun phrase, I believe + noun phrase + is a more + adjective + approach (dùng để nêu quan điểm)

E.g. While road expansion can offer temporary benefits, I believe investing in public transportation is a more effective long-term approach.

2. One important advantage is + noun phrase, which + verb + noun phrase (dùng để trình bày lợi ích)

E.g. One important advantage is increased road capacity, which allows more vehicles to travel simultaneously.

3. Furthermore, + noun phrase + can + verb + noun phrase by + V-ing (dùng để mở rộng ý)

E.g. Furthermore, road expansion can support businesses by enabling the easier transportation of goods.

4. In addition, + noun phrase + can + verb + noun phrase, making + noun phrase + more + adjective (dùng để giải thích tác động)

E.g. In addition, efficient mass transportation systems can carry thousands of passengers, making them more space-efficient than cars.

5. As a result, + noun phrase + support(s) + noun phrase and provide(s) + noun phrase (dùng để nêu kết quả)

E.g. As a result, they support sustainable urban development and provide long-term benefits for growing cities.

6. In conclusion, although + noun phrase + may + verb + noun phrase, governments should + verb + noun phrase because + clause (dùng để kết luận)

E.g. In conclusion, although wider roads may reduce congestion temporarily, governments should prioritize train and subway projects because they offer a more sustainable solution.

 

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