1. Xây dựng ý tưởng

Đề bài

Today, many people spend less and less time at home. What are the reasons for this? What are the effects of this on individuals and on society? Explain your viewpoint with reasons and include appropriate examples based on your knowledge or experiences.

Dạng bài

Problem and effect essay

Xác định chủ đề và luận điểm

Topic: Modern Lifestyle and Time Spent at Home

 

Luận điểm 1: Reasons why people spend less time at home

Longer working hours: thời gian làm việc dài hơn

Busy academic schedules: lịch học tập bận rộn

Growth of social and entertainment activities: sự phát triển của hoạt động xã hội và giải trí

Increased commuting time: thời gian di chuyển tăng lên

Modern urban lifestyles: lối sống đô thị hiện đại

Dependence on technology and public spaces: phụ thuộc vào công nghệ và không gian công cộng

Desire for career advancement and networking: mong muốn phát triển sự nghiệp và mở rộng quan hệ

 

Luận điểm 2: Effects on individuals and society

Weaker family relationships: mối quan hệ gia đình yếu hơn

Increased stress and exhaustion: gia tăng căng thẳng và mệt mỏi

Reduced work-life balance: giảm cân bằng công việc và cuộc sống

Decline in community interaction: suy giảm tương tác cộng đồng

Greater independence and social exposure: tăng tính tự lập và trải nghiệm xã hội

Negative impact on mental health: tác động tiêu cực đến sức khỏe tinh thần

Changing traditional family structures: thay đổi cấu trúc gia đình truyền thống

 

Triển khai ý tưởng

 

Position 1

Modern lifestyles and economic pressures force many people to spend more time outside their homes for work, education, and social activities.

→ Lối sống hiện đại và áp lực kinh tế buộc nhiều người dành nhiều thời gian bên ngoài nhà cho công việc, học tập và hoạt động xã hội.

Ví dụ:

Employees working overtime in large cities

Students attending extra classes and social events

 

Position 2

Although spending less time at home may improve independence and career opportunities, it can weaken family relationships and negatively affect mental well-being.

→ Mặc dù việc dành ít thời gian ở nhà có thể cải thiện tính tự lập và cơ hội nghề nghiệp, nó có thể làm suy yếu quan hệ gia đình và ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến sức khỏe tinh thần.

Ví dụ:

Families eating together less frequently

Rising stress levels among urban workers

 

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2. Lập dàn ý cho đề theo PEEL

 

Introduction

Paraphrase: many people nowadays spend much less time at home than in the past

Question: causes and effects of this trend

Thesis: modern lifestyles, work pressure, and social activities are the main reasons for this trend, which has both positive and negative effects on individuals and society

 

Body Paragraph 1

Point: economic and social changes encourage people to stay outside the home more often

Evidence: long working hours, commuting, education, entertainment, networking

Explanation: urban lifestyles require people to spend more time studying, working, and socializing

Link: modern society increasingly values productivity and social interaction outside the home

 

Body Paragraph 2

Point: spending less time at home affects both individuals and society

Evidence: weaker family bonds, stress, less community interaction, independence, social experience

Explanation: reduced family communication may harm relationships and mental health

Link: societies should encourage healthier work-life balance and family connection

 

Conclusion

Summary: modern lifestyles are changing how people spend their time

Restate: although this trend creates some benefits, it may also damage family relationships and social well-being if it becomes excessive

 

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3. Bài mẫu hoàn chỉnh

Nowadays, many people spend less time at home than in the past due to changing lifestyles and increasing economic demands. Modern work patterns, educational pressures, and social activities have significantly changed daily routines. Although this trend may provide certain advantages, it also creates several negative effects on both individuals and society.

One major reason why people spend less time at home is the increase in longer working hours. In many urban areas, employees are expected to work overtime or remain highly competitive in demanding workplaces. In addition, many people experience increased commuting time because they live far from their workplaces or educational institutions. Students are also affected by busy academic schedules, often attending extra classes, group projects, or social activities after school. Furthermore, the growth of social and entertainment activities encourages individuals to spend more time outside the home with friends, colleagues, or online communities. Modern society places strong importance on career success, networking, and social interaction, leading many people to prioritize professional and social commitments over family time.

However, this trend has several important consequences. One major effect is weaker family relationships because family members spend less time communicating and participating in shared activities together. For example, many families rarely eat meals together due to different schedules. In addition, spending excessive time outside the home may lead to increased stress and exhaustion, especially among workers and students who struggle with maintaining a healthy routine. Another serious issue is the negative impact on mental health, as people may feel isolated despite being socially active. At the societal level, there may also be a decline in community interaction and a gradual change in traditional family structures. On the positive side, however, spending more time outside the home can encourage greater independence and social exposure, helping individuals develop communication skills and professional opportunities.

Overall, modern lifestyles and economic pressures are the main reasons why people spend less time at home today. Although this trend can improve independence and career development, it may also weaken family bonds and reduce overall social well-being if people fail to maintain a healthy work-life balance.

(Word count: 336)

 

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4. Lexical Resources List

 

New Vocabulary

1. longer working hours (noun phrase): thời gian làm việc dài hơn

   E.g. Many employees face longer working hours in modern cities.

2. busy academic schedules (noun phrase): lịch học tập bận rộn

   E.g. Students often struggle with busy academic schedules.

3. growth of social and entertainment activities (noun phrase): sự phát triển của hoạt động xã hội và giải trí

   E.g. The growth of social and entertainment activities keeps people outside longer.

4. increased commuting time (noun phrase): thời gian di chuyển tăng lên

   E.g. Urban workers experience increased commuting time every day.

5. modern urban lifestyles (noun phrase): lối sống đô thị hiện đại

   E.g. Modern urban lifestyles are becoming increasingly stressful.

6. dependence on technology and public spaces (noun phrase): phụ thuộc vào công nghệ và không gian công cộng

   E.g. Young people show greater dependence on technology and public spaces.

7. desire for career advancement and networking (noun phrase): mong muốn phát triển sự nghiệp và mở rộng quan hệ

   E.g. Many professionals focus on the desire for career advancement and networking.

8. weaker family relationships (noun phrase): mối quan hệ gia đình yếu hơn

   E.g. Spending less time together may create weaker family relationships.

9. increased stress and exhaustion (noun phrase): gia tăng căng thẳng và mệt mỏi

   E.g. Busy lifestyles often cause increased stress and exhaustion.

10. reduced work-life balance (noun phrase): giảm cân bằng công việc và cuộc sống

    E.g. Employees suffer from reduced work-life balance.

11. decline in community interaction (noun phrase): suy giảm tương tác cộng đồng

    E.g. Urbanization may lead to a decline in community interaction.

12. greater independence and social exposure (noun phrase): tăng tính tự lập và trải nghiệm xã hội

    E.g. Living away from home encourages greater independence and social exposure.

13. negative impact on mental health (noun phrase): tác động tiêu cực đến sức khỏe tinh thần

    E.g. Overwork can have a negative impact on mental health.

14. changing traditional family structures (noun phrase): thay đổi cấu trúc gia đình truyền thống

    E.g. Urban lifestyles are changing traditional family structures.

15. economic demands (noun phrase): áp lực kinh tế

    E.g. Families face increasing economic demands.

16. daily routines (noun phrase): thói quen hằng ngày

    E.g. Technology has changed people’s daily routines.

17. professional opportunities (noun phrase): cơ hội nghề nghiệp

    E.g. Cities provide better professional opportunities.

18. shared activities (noun phrase): hoạt động chung

    E.g. Families should spend more time on shared activities.

19. healthy routine (noun phrase): thói quen lành mạnh

    E.g. Exercise is part of a healthy routine.

20. social well-being (noun phrase): phúc lợi xã hội / sức khỏe xã hội

    E.g. Strong communities improve social well-being.

 

Sentence Structures

1. Although + noun phrase + may + verb + noun phrase, it also + verb + noun phrase (dùng để nêu hai mặt của vấn đề)

E.g. Although this trend may provide certain advantages, it also creates several negative effects on both individuals and society.

2. One major reason why + clause + is + noun phrase (dùng để giải thích nguyên nhân)

E.g. One major reason why people spend less time at home is the increase in longer working hours.

3. Furthermore, + noun phrase + encourages + noun phrase + to + verb + noun phrase (dùng để bổ sung nguyên nhân)

E.g. Furthermore, the growth of social and entertainment activities encourages individuals to spend more time outside the home with friends and colleagues.

4. One major effect is + noun phrase because + clause (dùng để nêu tác động)

E.g. One major effect is weaker family relationships because family members spend less time communicating together.

5. On the positive side, + V-ing + noun phrase + can + verb + noun phrase (dùng để nêu lợi ích)

E.g. On the positive side, spending more time outside the home can encourage greater independence and social exposure.

6. Overall, although + noun phrase + can + verb + noun phrase, it may also + verb + noun phrase if + clause (dùng để kết luận)

E.g. Overall, although this trend can improve independence and career development, it may also weaken family bonds if people fail to maintain a healthy work-life balance.

 

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